Independent

Vowel sign

ISO

Sound

அ

N/A

a

u as in nut

ஆ

ா

ā

a as in father

இ

ி

i

i as in tip

ஈ

ீ

ī

e as in easy

உ

ு

u

u as in put

ஊ

ூ

ū

oo as in bloom

எ

ெ

e

e as in pen

ஏ

ே

ē

a as in ate

ஐ

ை

ai

ai as in Thai

ஒ

ொ

o

o as in opera

ஓ

ோ

ō

o as in show

ஔ

ௌ

au

ou as in house

ః,ஃ

்

ḥ

h as in aha

Letter

ISO

Sound

க்

k

k as in kite

ங்

ṅ

ng as in ring

ச்

c

ch as in chill

ஞ்

ñ

ng as in syringe

ட்

ṭ

t as in toy

ண்

ṇ

n as in news

த்

t

th as in tooth

ந்

n

n as in panther

ப்

p

p as in pack

ம்

m

m as in plum

ய்

y

y as in yak

ர்

r

r as in three

ல்

l

l as in lion

வ்

v

v as in very

ழ்

ḻ

l sound (tongue retracted)

ள்

ḷ

l as in marble

ற்

ṟ

r as in citric

ன்

ṉ

n as in win

Grantha Consonants

ஶ்

ś

sh as
in show

ஜ்

j

j as in joke

ஷ்

ṣ

s as in smile

ஸ்

s

s as in small

ஹ்

h

h as in high

க்ஷ்

kṣ

ksas in racks

ஶ்ர

śr

sr as in sri devi

ஸ்ரீ

śrī

sri as in Sri Lanka

Foreign Consonants

ஃப்

f

f as in fate

ஃஜ்

z

z as in zoom

ஃஸ்

x

x as in exam

ஃக்

kh

kh as in khan

Consonant

Vowel

New Form

க் k

+

அ a

=

க ka

க் k

+

ஆ ā

=

கா kā

க் k

+

இ i

=

கி ki

க் k

+

ஈ ī

=

கீ kī

க் k

+

உ u

=

கு ku

க் k

+

ஊ ū

=

கூ kū

க் k

+

எ e

=

கெ ke

க் k

+

ஏ ē

=

கே kē

க் k

+

ஐ ai

=

கை kai

க் k

+

ஒ o

=

கொ ko

க் k

+

ஓ ō

=

கோ kō

க் k

+

ஔ au

=

கௌ kau

Used in Sanskrit

க் k

+

அ: ḥ

=

க்: kḥ

க் k

+

௫ r̥

=

க்௫ kr̥

க் k

+

௹ r̥̄

=

க்௹ kr̥̄

க் k

+

ல்௫ l̥

=

க்ல்௫ kl̥

க் k

+

ல்௹ l̥̄

=

க்ல்௹ kl̥̄